The Cadusii in History and in Fiction (The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 108 (1988), pp. 137-150)

LANDS and peoples on the northern edge of an empire never fail to arouse curi first entry into history exhibits sharp contrasts. The Hyrcani made a notab Alexander in the year 330 invaded their country.
Hyrcania permits a fairly close definition. It occupied the southeastern corn (a sea which frequently took that name). To the north was the wide steppe, Dahae, on the east the region Margiana. To the south Hyrcania extended mountains; and under the last Achaemenid it formed one satrapy with Parthy on the southeast. Belonging to the narrow neck between the Caspian an Hyrcania lay beside the highroad from Ecbatana to Bactra. Hence a vital line imperial powers. When Alexander reached Zadracarta, the Hyrcanian capital, the governor made submission (a mountain people to the south). Alexander then fought against the formidable Mardi (first known to Greeks as 'Amardi'). But he did not choose to march westwards along the coast into the territory of the Cadusii. For adequate reasons. In consequence, whereas the luxuriant vegetation of coastal Hyrcania enchanted inspiring lavish portrayal in the earliest historians, the Cadusii, secluded in
angle of the Caspian, remained largely unknown, and they they subsist as a problem.